News
About Us
Affiliate Corner
Message Boards
Español
Spam Control Text:
Understanding Breast Cancer Guide
Breast Facts
Risk Factors and Prevention
Early Detection & Screening
Diagnosis
Treatment
Complementary Therapies
After Treatment
Support
Resources
Facts for Life (by Topic)
Breast Cancer Research
Questions to Ask Your Doctor
Donate
Find a local Race for the Cure
Become an Advocate
Participate in an Event
Find a Local Affiliate
Join Circle of Promise
Passionately Pink for the Cure®
ShopKomen.com
Careers
Grant Programs
News and Perspectives
Million Dollar Council Elite
Race for the Cure® National Sponsors
Corporate Partners
Become a Partner or Sponsor
Donate Online
Donate by Text
Planned Gifts
Gifts of Stock
Give At Work
Global Promise Fund
Understanding Breast Cancer Guide
Breast Facts
Risk Factors and Prevention
Early Detection & Screening
Mammography
Clinical Breast Exam
Breast Self-Exam
Breast Cancer Screening Recommendations for Women at Average Risk
Breast Cancer Screening Recommendations for Women at Higher Risk
Breast Self-Awareness
Racial & Ethnic Issues in Screening
The Mammography Debate
Follow-up After an Abnormal Mammogram
Follow-up After an Abnormal Clinical Breast Exam
Quality of Screening Tests
Emerging Areas in Early Detection
Questions for Your Provider
References
Diagnosis
Treatment
Complementary Therapies
After Treatment
Support
Resources
Facts for Life (by Topic)
Breast Cancer Research
Questions to Ask Your Doctor
Home
>
Understanding Breast Cancer
>
Early Detection & Screening
> References
References
Pisano ED, Gatsonis C, Hendrick E, et al. for the Digital Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial (DMIST) Investigators Group. Diagnostic performance of digital versus film mammography for breast-cancer screening. N Engl J Med. 353(17):1773-83, 2005.
Skaane P, Hofvind S, Skjennald A. Randomized trial of screen-film versus full-field digital mammography with soft-copy reading in population-based screening program: follow-up and final results of Oslo II study. Radiology. 244(3):708-17, 2007.
Pisano ED, Hendrick RE, Yaffe MJ, et al. for the DMIST Investigators Group. Diagnostic accuracy of digital versus film mammography: exploratory analysis of selected population subgroups in DMIST. Radiology. 246(2):376-83, 2008.
Morton MJ, Whaley DH, Brandt KR, Amrami KK. Screening mammograms: interpretation with computer-aided detection--prospective evaluation. Radiology. 239(2):375-83, 2006.
Gilbert FJ, Astley SM, Gillan MG, et al. for the CADET II Group. Single reading with computer-aided detection for screening mammography. N Engl J Med. 359(16):1675-84, 2008.
Fenton JJ, Taplin SH, Carney PA, et al. Influence of computer-aided detection on performance of screening mammography. N Engl J Med. 356(14):1399-409, 2007.
American Cancer Society. Detailed Guide: Breast Cancer-Can breast cancer be found early? http://www.cancer.org/docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_4_2X_Can_breast_cancer_be_prevented_5.asp, 2009.
Ramirez A, Farmer GC, Grant D, Papachristou T. Disability and preventive cancer screening: results from the 2001 California Health Interview Survey. Am J Public Health. 95(11):2057-64, 2005.
Altman B, Bernstein A. Disability and health in the United States, 2001–2005. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2008.
Barr JK, Giannotti TE, Van Hoof TJ, Mongoven J, Curry M. Understanding barriers to participation in mammography by women with disabilities. Am J Health Promot. 22(6):381-5, 2008.
Jan L and Stoddard S. Chartbook on Women and Disability in the United States. An InfoUse Report. Washington, DC, U.S. Department of Education, National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research, 1999.
American Cancer Society. Cancer Prevention & Early Detection Facts & Figures, 2009. American Cancer Society, 2009.
Ryerson AB, Miller JW, Eheman CR, Leadbetter S, White MC. Recent trends in U.S. mammography use from 2000-2006: a population-based analysis. Prev Med. 47(5):477-82, 2008.
Feig SA. Adverse effects of screening mammography. Radiol Clin North Am. 42: 807-19, 2004.
Gotzsche PC, Nielsen M. Screening for breast cancer with mammography. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 18;(4):CD001877, 2006.
Humphrey LL, Helfand M, Chan BK and Woolf SH. Breast cancer screening: a summary of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 137: 347-60, 2002.
Moss SM, Cuckle H, Evans A, Johns L, Waller M, Bobrow B, for the Trial Management Group. Eff ect of mammographic screening from age 40 years on breast cancer mortality at 10 years’ follow-up: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 368(9552):2053-60, 2006.
Buist DS, Porter PL, Lehman C, Taplin SH, White E. Factors contributing to mammography failure in women aged 40-49 years. J Natl Cancer Inst. 96(19):1432-40, 2004.
Qaseem A, Snow V, Sherif K, Aronson M, Weiss KB, Owens DK for the Clinical Efficacy Assessment Subcommittee of the American College of Physicians. Screening mammography for women 40 to 49 years of age: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 146(7):511-5, 2007.
American Geriatrics Society. Breast cancer screening in older women. American Geriatrics Society Clinical Practice Committee. J Am Geriatr Soc. 48(7):842-4, 2000.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. US Department of Health and Human Services affirms value of mammography for detecting breast cancer. http://www.hhs.gov/news/press/2002pres/20020221.html, 2002.
Smith RA, Cokkinides V, Eyre HJ. American Cancer Society guidelines for the early detection of cancer, 2006. CA Cancer J Clin. 56(1):11-25, 2006.
Fletcher SW and Elmore JG. Clinical practice. Mammographic screening for breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 348: 1672-80, 2003.
Kolb TM, Lichy J, Newhouse JH. Comparison of the performance of screening mammography, physical examination, and breast US and evaluation of factors that influence them: an analysis of 27,825 patient evaluations. Radiology. 225(1):165-75, 2002.
Smith RA, D'Orsi CJ. Chapter 10: Screening for breast cancer, in in Harris JR, Lippman ME, Morrow M, Osborne CK. Diseases of the Breast, third edition. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2004.
Oestreicher N, Lehman CD, Seger DJ, Buist DS, White E. The incremental contribution of clinical breast examination to invasive cancer detection in a mammography screening program. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 184(2):428-32, 2005.
Elmore JG, Barton MB, Moceri VM, et al. Ten-year risk of false positive screening mammograms and clinical breast examinations. N Engl J Med. 338: 1089-96, 1998.
Chlebowski RT, Hendrix SL, Langer RD, et al. for the Women's Health Initiative Investigators. Influence of estrogen plus progestin on breast cancer and mammography in healthy postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Trial. JAMA. 289(24):3243-53, 2003.
McTiernan A, Martin CF, Peck JD, et al. for the Women's Health Initiative Mammogram Density Study Investigators. Estrogen-plus-progestin use and mammographic density in postmenopausal women: women's health initiative randomized trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 97(18):1366-76, 2005.
Stefanick ML, Anderson GL, Margolis KL, et al. for the Women's Health Initiative Investigators. Effects of conjugated equine estrogens on breast cancer and mammography screening in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy. JAMA. 295(14):1647-57, 2006.
Chlebowski RT, Anderson G, Pettinger M, et al. for the Women's Health Initiative Investigators. Estrogen plus progestin and breast cancer detection by means of mammography and breast biopsy. Arch Intern Med. 168(4):370-7, 2008.
Esserman L, Cowley H, Eberle C, et al. Improving the accuracy of mammography: volume and outcome relationships. J Natl Cancer Inst. 94(5): 369-75, 2002.
Barlow WE, Chi C, Carney PA, et al. Accuracy of screening mammography interpretation by characteristics of radiologists. J Natl Cancer Inst. 96(24):1840-50, 2004.
Molins E, Macià F, Ferrer F, Maristany MT, Castells X. Association between radiologists' experience and accuracy in interpreting screening mammograms. BMC Health Serv Res. 8:91, 2008.
Taplin S, Abraham L, Barlow WE, et al. Mammography facility characteristics associated with interpretive accuracy of screening mammography. J Natl Cancer Inst. 100(12):876-87, 2008.
Bassett LW, Hendrick RE, Bassford Tl, et al. Quality determinants of mammography: Clinical practice guidelines No. 13. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research Publication No. 95-0632. Rockville, MD: Agency for Health Care policy and Research, Public Health Services, US Department of Human Services, 1994.
Gøtzsche PC and Olsen O. Is screening for breast cancer with mammography justifiable? Lancet. 355: 129-34, 2000.
Olsen O and Gotzsche PC. Cochrane review on screening for breast cancer with mammography. Lancet. 358: 1340-2, 2001.
National Cancer Institute. What you need to know about breast cancer: Symptoms. Washington, DC, National Cancer Institute, U.S. National Institutes of Health,
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/wyntk/breast/page6
, 2007.
National Cancer Institute. Fact sheet-Paget's disease of the nipple: Questions and answers. Washington, DC, National Cancer Institute, U.S. National Institutes of Health,
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/sites-types/paget-breast
, 2005.
American Cancer Society. Breast cancer: early detection. Atlanta, GA, American Cancer Society,
http://www.cancer.org/docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_6x_Breast_Cancer_Early_Detection.asp
,
2008.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Cancer: Symptoms of breast cancer. Atlanta, GA, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/basic_info/symptoms.htm
, 2006.
Institute of Medicine and National Research Council of the National Academies. Fulfilling the potential of cancer prevention and early detection. Curry SJ, Byers T, Hewitt M, editors. National Cancer Policy Board. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press, 2003.
Kösters JP, Gøtzsche PC. Regular self-examination or clinical examination for early detection of breast cancer (review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Issue 3: CD003373, 2008.
Saslow D, Boetes C, Burke W, et al. for the American Cancer Society Breast Cancer Advisory Group. American Cancer Society guidelines for breast screening with MRI as an adjunct to mammography. CA Cancer J Clin. 57(2):75-89, 2007.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Breast cancer screening and diagnosis, Version 1.2009, 2009.
Kuhl CK, Schrading S, Leutner CC, et al. Mammography, breast ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging for surveillance of women at high familial risk for breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 23(33):8469-76, 2005.
Kriege M, Brekelmans CT, Obdeijn IM, et al. Factors affecting sensitivity and specificity of screening mammography and MRI in women with an inherited risk for breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 100(1):109-19, 2006.
Warner E, Messersmith H, Causer P, Eisen A, Shumak R, Plewes D. Systematic review: using magnetic resonance imaging to screen women at high risk for breast cancer. Ann Intern Med. 148(9):671-9, 2008.
Granader EJ, Dwamena B, Carlos RC. MRI and mammography surveillance of women at increased risk for breast cancer: recommendations using an evidence-based approach. Acad Radiol. 15(12):1590-5, 2008.
Lehman CD, Gatsonis C, Kuhl CK, et al. for the ACRIN Trial 6667 Investigators Group. MRI evaluation of the contralateral breast in women with recently diagnosed breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 356(13):1295-303, 2007.
Irwig L, Houssami N, van Vliet C. New technologies in screening for breast cancer: a systematic review of their accuracy. Br J Cancer. 90(11):2118-22, 2004.
Elmore JG, Armstrong K, Lehman CD, Fletcher SW. Screening for breast cancer. JAMA. 293(10):1245-56, 2005.
Berg WA, Blume JD, Cormack JB, et al. for the ACRIN 6666 Investigators. Combined screening with ultrasound and mammography vs mammography alone in women at elevated risk of breast cancer. JAMA. 299(18):2151-63, 2008.
Hruska CB, Boughey JC, Phillips SW, et al. Molecular breast imaging: a review of the Mayo Clinic experience. Am J Surg. 196(4):470-6, 2008.
Leung JW. New modalities in breast imaging: digital mammography, positron emission tomography, and sestamibi scintimammography. Radiol Clin North Am. 40: 467-82, 2002.
Schoder H, Gonen M. Screening for Cancer with PET and PET/CT: Potential and Limitations. J Nucl Med. 48(Suppl 1):4S-18S, 2007.
Williams KL, Phillips BH, Jones PA, Beaman SA, Fleming PJ. Thermography in screening for breast cancer. J Epidemiol Community Health. 44(2):112-3, 1990.
Eley JW, Hill HA, Chen VW, et al. Racial differences in survival from breast cancer. Results of the National Cancer Institute Black/White Cancer Survival Study. JAMA. 272: 947-54, 1994.
Ghafoor A, Jemal A, Ward E, et al. Trends in breast cancer by race and ethnicity. CA Cancer J Clin. 53: 342-55, 2003.
Smigal C, Jemal A, Ward E, et al. Trends in breast cancer by race and ethnicity: update 2006. CA Cancer J Clin. 56(3):168-83, 2006.
Jones BA, Dailey A, Calvocoressi L, et al. Inadequate follow-up of abnormal screening mammograms: findings from the race differences in screening mammography process study (United States). Cancer Causes Control. 16(7):809-21, 2005.
Jatoi I, Anderson WF, Rao SR, Devesa SS. Breast cancer trends among black and white women in the United States. J Clin Oncol. 23(31):7836-41, 2005.
Curtis E, Quale C, Haggstrom D, Smith-Bindman R. Racial and ethnic differences in breast cancer survival: how much is explained by screening, tumor severity, biology, treatment, comorbidities, and demographics? Cancer. 112(1):171-80, 2008.
Jatoi I, Becher H and Leake CR. Widening disparity in survival between white and African-American patients with breast carcinoma treated in the U. S. Department of Defense Healthcare system. Cancer. 98: 894-9, 2003.
Newman LA, Griffith KA, Jatoi I, Simon MS, Crowe JP, Colditz GA. Meta-analysis of survival in African American and white American patients with breast cancer: ethnicity compared with socioeconomic status. J Clin Oncol. 20;24(9):1342-9, 2006.
Sassi F, Luft HS, Guadagnoli E. Reducing racial/ethnic disparities in female breast cancer: screening rates and stage at diagnosis. Am J Public Health. 96(12):2165-72, 2006.
Purc-Stephenson RJ, Gorey KM. Lower adherence to screening mammography guidelines among ethnic minority women in America: a meta-analytic review. Prev Med. 46(6):479-88, 2008.
May DS, Lee NC, Richardson LC, et al. Mammography and breast cancer detection by race and Hispanic ethnicity: results from a national program (United States). Cancer Causes Control. 11: 697-705, 2000.
Adams EK, Breen N, Joski PJ. Impact of the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program on mammography and pap test utilization among white, Hispanic, and African American women: 1996-2000. Cancer. 109(2 Suppl):348-58, 2007.
Espey DK, Wu XC, Swan J, et al. Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975-2004, featuring cancer in American Indians and Alaska Natives. Cancer. 110(10):2119-52, 2007.
Cochran SD, Mays VM, Bowen D, et al. Cancer-related risk indicators and preventive screening behaviors among lesbians and bisexual women. Am J Public Health. 91: 591-7, 2001.
Roberts SJ, Patsdaughter CA, Grindel CG, Tarmina MS. Health related behaviors and cancer screening of lesbians: results of the Boston Lesbian Health Project II. Women Health. 39(4):41-55, 2004.
Rankow EJ. Breast and cervical cancer among lesbians. Womens Health Issues. 5: 123-9, 1995.
Hiatt RA, Pasick RJ, Stewart S, et al. Community-based cancer screening for underserved women: design and baseline findings from the Breast and Cervical Cancer Intervention Study. Prev Med. 33: 190-203, 2001.
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for breast cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 151(10):716-726, 2009.
Updated 11/19/09
Related Links
Facts for Life: Breast Cancer Detection
Facts for Life: Mammography
Breast Self-Awareness Interactive Tool
Breast Self-Awareness (BSA) Cards
Research Table Topics
Visited by Others
Susan G. Komen for the Cure® Scientific Advisory Board's Perspective on the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) Recommendations on Breast Screening
Susan G. Komen for the Cure® Recommends No Impediments to Breast Cancer Screening
The Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation Awards More Than $54.8 Million to Breast Cancer Research
Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation Announces $13 Million in Grants for New Focused Areas of Study Grant Program
The Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation Awards More Than $45 Million to Breast Cancer Research
Komen Videos
Ambassador Nancy G Brinker
Breast Cancer Your Guide to Breast Self Awareness
Your Guide to Breast Self-Awareness (Spanish)
Breast Cancer Your Guide to Breast Self Awareness (Arabic)
Question and Answer Session - 9th Annual Conf. for Young Women Affected by Breast Cancer. Eric P. Winer, MD, and Wendy S. Harpham, MD, FACP.
Audio Only - Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS): Understanding Your Diagnosis and Treatment Options. Powel Brown, MD, PhD.
Diet and Nutrition: The Research and What it Means for You. Rowan T. Chlebowski, MD, PhD
Medical Update for Young Women. Eric P. Winer, MD.
Breast Cancer Videos